Say you have two samples, and you want to determine if they come from the same population, i.e. are they "different". You could just compare their means and if they are different then you are good to go... right? Well what if they are pretty close? How close is close enough?
To test this we have the t-test. We can test if two samples are significantly different from one another.
x <- rnorm(200, mean=18, sd=2) # generate normal distributed data
y <- rnorm(200, mean=22, sd=2) # generate different normal data
df <- data.frame(x=x, y=y) # put it in a data frame
df <- data.frame(melt(as.data.table(df))) # reformat the dataframe
# Plot
p <- ggplot(df, aes(x=value, fill=variable, color=variable)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth=1, alpha=0.5, position = "identity") +
ggtitle("Comparing means") + xlab("Value") + ylab("Frequency")
ggplotly(p, width=640, height=640)
#T Test
t.test(x,y)